Recommendations

Project	Type	#	Outcome	Report	Year
Arctic TEEB	Key finding	3.3	Governance: Key Finding 3.3. The TEEB approach can make the diverse values that people hold for nature visible by assessing and communicating the role of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the economy and to society.	The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) for the Arctic: A Scoping Study Executive Summary	2015
CBMP Terrestrial Biodiversity Monitoring	Key finding		All but one of the populations number between 1000 and 10 million individuals. Only the Western Palearctic population of the Lesser White-fronted Goose lies on the brink of extinction with just over 100 individuals, and only the midcontinent population of lesser snow geese in North America exceeds 10 million adults.	A Global Audit of the Status and Trends of Arctic And Northern Hemisphere Goose Populations	2018
	Key finding	3	Observations from those spending much time on the land and sea are necessary in not only understanding local environmental change but also in understanding the effects of environmental changes on human well-being and traditional practices	Project Summary: Bering Sea Sub-Network II	2015
CBMP Freshwater Biodiversity Monitoring	Advice		Monitoring Design and Assessment Establish a circumpolar monitoring network based on a hub-and-spoke model in remote areas. Increase focus on the response of biotic communities to environmental changes by designing monitoring to address impact hypotheses developed in the CBMP-Freshwater Plan. Ensure that the CBMP Freshwater group continues to serve as the focal point for the development and implementation of Arctic, freshwater biodiversity monitoring. Provide resources to maintain and build the CBMP freshwater database for future assessments in order to maximize the benefits of this database. Efforts should be made to document and preserve data from short-term research projects, research expeditions, industrial, university and government programs and to make these data accessible to the public. Status assessments of Arctic lakes and rivers must explore the close association of biodiversity with spatial patterns of physical and chemical quality of aquatic habitats that can drive biological systems. CBMP-Freshwater database allows the identification of predominant sampling approaches across the Arctic and should be used to inform the development of harmonized monitoring approaches. Where valuable long-term data series exist, these should be given high priority in monitoring programs, to continue to provide data for the detection of long-term trends and changes in biodiversity.	State of the Arctic Freshwater Biodiversity: Key Findings and Advice for Monitoring	2016
CBMP Marine Biodiversity Monitoring	Advice		Marine fishes Conduct pan-Arctic taxonomic analyses to clarify zoogeographic patterns that are important for detecting and understanding change. Establish and conduct a monitoring plan that is independent of fisheries-related programs to assess changes in fish abundance and distributions. Use information from non-commercial fish species caught in groundfish surveys to provide a first step in this direction. Use information from TK holders for monitoring marine fishes. Connect monitoring initiatives across scales. Conduct laboratory studies to examine the possible effects of abiotic and biotic changes (e.g. temperature, salinity, acidity and diseases) on fish species Ensure that data on fisheries (commercial as well as artisanal) are accurate and registered in catch databases (such as the Food Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations). Information from logbooks is also relevant as it can be used to estimate the bycatch and the effects of fisheries.	State of the Arctic Marine Biodiversity: Key Findings and Advice for Monitoring	2017
CBMP Terrestrial Biodiversity Monitoring	Advice		Arthropods : Arthropods are highly diverse and under-studied. They serve as important connections between trophic levels and several are important indicators of changing environments. The START reports on six FECs: pollinators, decomposers, herbivores, prey for vertebrates, blood-feeding insects, and predators and parasitoids. Only a few localized trends are provided due to high variability and lack of monitoring. Implement long-term sampling programs at strategic sites with rigorous standardized trapping protocols. Collect baseline data, including structured inventories, using standardized protocols for FECs and key attributes. Work with Indigenous Knowledge holders, Local Knowledge holders, and/or citizen science to identify regionally important species to monitor, and key locations for long-term monitoring activities. Focus monitoring efforts on taxa that: (a) are well-studied with existing data; (b) respond to, or are vulnerable to, change; and/or (c) have possible range shifts. • Monitor dominant habitats at a variety of sites at both small and large geographic scales. Monitor relevant microhabitat environmental parameters, in addition to climatological variables, and connect to biological trends at relevant scale. Focus on critical FEC attributes, including ecosystem processes such as pollination, decomposition, and herbivory. Continue specimen sorting, identification and reporting and construct a complete trait database. Complete molecular sequence libraries, increase international collaboration to collate, analyze, archive, and make data accessible.	State of the Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity: Key Findings and Advice for Monitoring	2021
Arctic Species Trend Index (ASTI)	Key finding	3	Tracking trends through space and time. 3.1 Spatial analysis of the full ASTI data set (1951 to 2010) started with an evaluation of vertebrate population trend data from around the Arctic. The maps produced from this analysis provide information useful for identifying gaps and setting priorities for biodiversity monitoring programs. 3.2 Mapping trends in vertebrate populations provides information on patterns of biodiversity change over space and time, especially when examined at regional scales. 3.3 Understanding of the causes of Arctic vertebrate population change can be improved by expanding the spatial analysis of ASTI data to include spatial data on variables that represent driversof biodiversity change.	The Arctic Species Trend Index 2011: Key findings from an in-depth look at marine species and development of spatial analysis techniques	2012
Inspiring Arctic Voices Through Youth			Foster collaborations such as exchanges, meetings, or training with important Indigenous constituencies through the permanent participants and their associated youth programs.	CAFF Arctic Youth Engagement Strategy: 2021-2026	2021
CBird: Seabird Expert Group		2.6	Reduce the threat of anthropogenic pollution. 2.6.1. Reduce marine litter and plastics by raising public awareness, and through facilitation of environment-friendly handling of garbage etc. 2.6.2. Reduce the risk of local oil spills close to breeding colonies by regulating nearby human activities.	International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan	2021
CBird: Seabird Expert Group	Advice		Collaboration Guidelines • Each country should prepare a national implementation plan for the strategy giving special attention to international collaboration. • Ensure the regional and local governments participate in developing a National Implementation Plan • Enlist the participation of local residents and technical specialists at an early stage in deciding how to implement the Strategy.	International Ivory Gull Conservation Strategy and Action Plan	2008
CBird: Seabird Expert Group	Action	3.1	Consumptive use: Ensure that consumptive uses of murres are sustainable. Monitor harvest levels and assess their impacts on populations. Harmonize management and harvest regimes for shared populations. Involve local and Indigenous people in the management of consumptive uses.	International Murre Conservation Strategy and Action Plan	1996
Arctic Migratory Birds Initiative (AMBI)	Action	5	Mitigate habitat impairment from human intrusions and disturbances 5.1 Support efforts to develop policies and legislation to ensure the sustainability of legal hunting of shorebirds in North and South America 5.2 Promote studies that assess the prevalence and impacts of plastic contamination in shorebird populations in the Arctic 5.3 Work with communities and governments to assess and identify critical threats for priority species on designated WHSRN and IBA sites.	AMBI Work Plan 2019-2025: Americas Flyway	2021
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Key finding	4	Disturbance and habitat degradation can diminish Arctic biodiversity and the opportunities for Arctic residents and visitors to enjoy the benefits of ecosystem services.	Arctic Biodiversity Assessment: Report for Policy Makers	2013
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Recommendation	11	Reduce the threat of pollutants to Arctic biodiversity. a. Support and enhance international efforts and cooperation to identify, assess and reduce existing and emerging harmful contaminants. b. Support the development of appropriate prevention and clean up measures and technologies that are responsive to oil spills in the Arctic, especially in ice-filled waters, such that they are ready for implementation in advance of major oil and gas developments. c. Encourage local and national action to implement best practices for local wastes, enhance efforts to clean-up legacy contaminated sites and include contaminant reduction and reclamation plans in development projects.	Arctic Biodiversity Assessment: Report for Policy Makers	2013
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Action	7	Develop and implement mechanisms that best safeguard Arctic biodiversity under changing environmental conditions, such as loss of sea ice, glaciers and permafrost. a. Safeguard areas in the northern parts of the Arctic where high Arctic species have a relatively greater chance to survive for climatic or geographical reasons, such as certain islands and mountainous areas, which can act as a refuge for unique biodiversity. b. Maintain functional connectivity within and between protected areas in order to protect ecosystem resilience and facilitate adaptation to climate change.	Actions for Arctic Biodiversity, 2013-2021: Implementing the recommendations of the Arctic Biodiversity Assessment	2015
	Key finding		Biodiversity policy in the Arctic has to reflect the needs of people living in the Arctic, many of whom are indigenous.	Arctic Biodiversity Congress 2014, Co-Chairs Report	2014
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Action		CHALLENGE There is mistrust between Arctic Indigenous peoples and scientists, and scientists often lack adequate preparation for working cross-culturally. POTENTIAL ACTIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES Increase opportunities for cross-cultural learning, understanding, and trust building.	Arctic Traditional Knowledge and Wisdom: Changes in the North American Arctic	2017
Arctic Species Trend Index (ASTI)	Key finding	3	This overall trend masks differences between taxa and in flyway regions, with declines in East Asia and Central Asia (-40% and -70%), and recoveries in Africa-Eurasia and the Americas (50% and 15%).	Arctic Species Trend Index: Migratory Birds Index	2015
Resilience and Management of Arctic Wetlands (RAW)	Key finding	2	The substantial ecosystem services provided by Arctic wetlands should be recognized at the international level. Presently, there is limited coordination on how ecosystem services from Arctic wetland management are reported to international frameworks or conventions on climate change mitigation and biodiversity. Common guidelines on how ecosystem services gained from wetland conservation and restoration actions are reported internationally could increase their global recognition.	Resilience and Management of Arctic Wetlands: Key Findings and Recommendations	2021
Resilience and Management of Arctic Wetlands (RAW)	Recommendation	5	Use short-lists of known northern wetland sites in need of protection, conservation or restoration to support national-level action plans. Such actions should be targeted to the most promising sites, including those that may be located outside the Arctic. Wetland protection, conservation and restoration would be more effective if done in direct collaboration with Indigenous Peoples, Local Communities and/or stakeholders and applied at the landscape level.	Resilience and Management of Arctic Wetlands: Key Findings and Recommendations	2021