Recommendations

Project	Type	#	Outcome	Report	Year
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Key finding	9	The challenges facing Arctic biodiversity are interconnected, requiring comprehensive solutions and international cooperation.	Arctic Biodiversity Assessment: Report for Policy Makers	2013
	Key finding		Biodiversity underpins sustainable development in the Arctic, including economic, social, cultural, and environmental dimensions. Although there is widespread understanding of the importance of economic development for the well-being of Arctic peoples, there is less understanding of the importance of biodiversity for human well-being, including livelihoods, food security and ecosystem services. Economic development in the Arctic should proceed within the constraints of ensuring the long term sustainability of biodiversity and the ecosystem services it provides.	Arctic Biodiversity Congress 2014, Co-Chairs Report	2014
	Key finding		The relationship between biodiversity and climate change is complex. While climate change has been identified as the key stressor of Arctic biodiversity, the degree to which it has a negative impact depends on complex relationships between climate change, other stressors, geography, economics, politics and management regimes.	Arctic Biodiversity Congress 2014, Co-Chairs Report	2014
	Key finding		Conservation of Arctic biodiversity is a global issue, as so much that happens outside the Arctic affects what happens inside the Arctic and vice versa. Migratory species provide a good basis to develop the partnerships necessary to ensure the long term viability of shared species, and at the same time to increase awareness of the shared global heritage that Arctic biodiversity represents.	Arctic Biodiversity Congress 2014, Co-Chairs Report	2014
	Key finding		Credible knowledge of all kinds, and from all sources, is welcomed and needed in the Arctic. This includes science, traditional knowledge and co-produced knowledge as well as knowledge from academia, business, government, civil society and communities.	Arctic Biodiversity Congress 2014, Co-Chairs Report	2014
	Key finding		There is a wide gap between what we know and how we act. Although research to fill gaps in knowledge is still needed, there is enough knowledge about what needs to be done to act now. A companion to this message is the urgent need to shorten the time it takes for scientific understanding to be translated into policy in the Arctic.	Arctic Biodiversity Congress 2014, Co-Chairs Report	2014
	Key finding		Biodiversity policy in the Arctic has to reflect the needs of people living in the Arctic, many of whom are indigenous.	Arctic Biodiversity Congress 2014, Co-Chairs Report	2014
	Key finding		Conservation of biodiversity and of the ecosystem services it provides requires a long-term perspective and sustained actions at many different temporal and spatial scales.	Arctic Biodiversity Congress 2014, Co-Chairs Report	2014
	Key finding		Biodiversity policy in the Arctic has to reflect the needs of people living in the Arctic, many of whom are indigenous.	Arctic Biodiversity Congress 2014, Co-Chairs Report	2014
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Key finding	1	Increase opportunities for cross-cultural learning, understanding and trust building.	Arctic Traditional Knowledge and Wisdom: Changes in the North American Arctic	2017
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Key finding	2	Create best practices through demonstration projects, and on-the-ground work, including an evaluation of past projects, what worked, and what didn	Arctic Traditional Knowledge and Wisdom: Changes in the North American Arctic	2017
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Key finding	3	Develop effective partnerships and/or formalized systems of sharing among indigenous peoples and scientists to more fully engage this wide range of human intelligence to understand the complexities of managing biodiversity in the Arctic; for example, TK&W can provide early warnings of environmentalchange, indicate connections between phenomena, and fill data gaps.	Arctic Traditional Knowledge and Wisdom: Changes in the North American Arctic	2017
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Key finding	4	Increase financial and other support for indigenous peoples and organizations to actively engage in research and science initiatives and to effectively address their concerns.	Arctic Traditional Knowledge and Wisdom: Changes in the North American Arctic	2017
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Key finding	5	Encourage equal partnership and participation at the outset and throughout research projects that affect Arctic Indigenous peoples.	Arctic Traditional Knowledge and Wisdom: Changes in the North American Arctic	2017
Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA)	Key finding	6	Work to remove institutional barriers and improve processes for the inclusion of TK&W and involvement of Arctic indigenous peoples.	Arctic Traditional Knowledge and Wisdom: Changes in the North American Arctic	2017
Arctic Species Trend Index (ASTI)	Key finding	1	Broad-scale, multi-species trends for Arctic migratory birds are currently unavailable, although they are necessary for designing and targeting effective conservation strategies to address reported declines in these species.	Arctic Species Trend Index: Migratory Birds Index	2015
Arctic Species Trend Index (ASTI)	Key finding	2	We use a robust method to describe trends in 129 selected Arctic migratory bird species, using abundance change estimates from inside and outside the Arctic. The selected species have increased in abundance by 40% on average between 1970 and 2011.	Arctic Species Trend Index: Migratory Birds Index	2015
Arctic Species Trend Index (ASTI)	Key finding	3	This overall trend masks differences between taxa and in flyway regions, with declines in East Asia and Central Asia (-40% and -70%), and recoveries in Africa-Eurasia and the Americas (50% and 15%).	Arctic Species Trend Index: Migratory Birds Index	2015
Arctic Species Trend Index (ASTI)	Key finding	4	Shorebirds are in decline overall (-10%), with negative trends in the Americas and East Asia (-10% and -70%). Populations of this group are faring better in Africa-Eurasia, where abundance is 40% higher compared to 1970.	Arctic Species Trend Index: Migratory Birds Index	2015
Arctic Species Trend Index (ASTI)	Key finding	5	Waterfowl have increased across all flyway regions mainly due to geese, but there are differences in the underlying trends for geese/swans and for ducks. Geese and swans combined more than quadrupled in abundance between 1970 and 2011, showing positive change across regions (Figure 20), although coverage is too patchy for reliable conclusions. The increase in geese/swans is largely driven by geese, which make up the majority of this data set. Swans have been in decline since 1994. Duck abundance is 10% lower overall (Figure 19), but there are regional differences, with a halving in the Americas and a 70% increase in Africa-Eurasia.	Arctic Species Trend Index: Migratory Birds Index	2015